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Proton-pump inhibitors are commonly used in hospitals to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, but may increase the risk of dying both for those who start use in the hospital and for those have used them before admission and continue use in the hospital, new data show.

Matt Pappas, MD, MPH, from the Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System and the Department of General Internal Medicine at the University of Michigan Health System in Ann Arbor, and colleagues say the increased risk for death comes because reducing acid in the stomach increases the risk for infections, especially pneumonia and Clostridium difficile (CDI), both of which pose a serious risk to hospitalized patients.

"Our new model allows us to compare that increased risk with the risk of upper GI bleeding. In general, it shows us that we're exposing many inpatients to higher risk of death than they would otherwise have — and though it's not a big effect, it is a consistent effect," Dr Pappas said in a university news release. The authors published the results of their study online November 9 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.

Read the full report here.

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